Integers and Rational Numbers
Understanding Positive and Negative Numbers
Integers include both positive and negative numbers, as well as zero. Rational numbers are numbers that can be written as fractions, such as \( \frac{3}{4} \) or \( -2 \).
Adding and Subtracting Integers
When you add or subtract integers, think of a number line. Adding a negative is the same as moving left, and adding a positive is moving right.
Real-World Uses
Integers are used to show temperature changes (like -5°C), football scores, or even money owed (negative balances).
Rational Numbers in Everyday Life
Rational numbers help measure ingredients in cooking, keep track of money, or compare fractions like \( \frac{1}{2} \) and \( \frac{3}{4} \).
Fun Fact
Zero is the only integer that is neither positive nor negative!
Examples
The temperature dropped from 3°C to -4°C.
You spend $7 and your account balance goes from $5 to -$2.
In a Nutshell
Integers include all whole numbers and their opposites; rational numbers are numbers that can be written as fractions.