7th Grade Science

Studying life science, physical science, and Earth science integration.

Cells and Living SystemsMatter and Its PropertiesEarth’s Structure and Systems
Genetics and HeredityForces, Motion, and EnergyCycles in Nature
Scientific InvestigationsEnvironmental StewardshipConnecting Science to Everyday Life
Active Note-TakingPractice with Real-World Problems
Cells and Living Sys...Matter and Its Prope...Earth’s Structure an...Genetics and Heredit...Forces, Motion, and ...Cycles in NatureScientific Investiga...Environmental Stewar...Connecting Science t...Active Note-TakingPractice with Real-W...
Basic Concepts

Earth’s Structure and Systems

Exploring Our Dynamic Planet

Earth is made up of different layers and systems that interact to shape our world.

Layers of the Earth

  • Crust: The thin, outer layer where we live.
  • Mantle: Thick, hot layer beneath the crust.
  • Core: The center, made of iron and nickel; divided into outer (liquid) and inner (solid) core.

Earth’s Systems

  • Geosphere: Rocks and land.
  • Hydrosphere: All water (oceans, lakes, rivers).
  • Atmosphere: Layers of gases around Earth.
  • Biosphere: All living things.

Why It Matters

Knowing about Earth's structure helps us predict earthquakes, find resources, and protect the environment.

Examples

  • Volcanoes erupt when magma from the mantle reaches the surface.

  • The water cycle moves water through the hydrosphere and atmosphere.

In a Nutshell

Earth is made of layers and systems that interact to support life and shape our planet.

Key Terms

Geosphere
The solid parts of Earth, like rocks and soil.
Hydrosphere
All the water on Earth.
Biosphere
All living things on Earth.
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Genetics and Heredity