Biochemistry

Study of chemical processes within and relating to living organisms.

Macromolecules of LifeEnzymes and Biochemical ReactionsCellular Energy and Metabolism
Genetic Information and Molecular BiologySignal Transduction and Cell CommunicationBiochemical Techniques and Tools
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Advanced Topics

Signal Transduction and Cell Communication

How Cells Talk

Cells constantly receive and respond to signals from their environment and other cells. Signal transduction is the process by which a cell converts one kind of signal or stimulus into another.

Steps in Signal Transduction

  • Reception: A signaling molecule binds to a receptor on the cell surface.
  • Transduction: The signal is relayed inside the cell, often through a cascade of proteins.
  • Response: The cell changes its behavior, such as activating a gene or moving.

This process is essential for growth, immune responses, and adapting to changes.

Examples

  • Adrenaline signals your body to react quickly in danger.

  • Insulin signals cells to absorb sugar from the blood.

In a Nutshell

Cells use signal transduction to communicate, coordinate, and adapt to their environment.

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Biochemical Techniques and Tools